Hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain, leading to increased intracranial pressure. This condition can result in symptoms like severe headaches, vision problems, and cognitive changes. Timely medical intervention, often through surgical procedures, is crucial for managing hydrocephalus and alleviating its associated symptoms.

Hydrocephalus is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain's ventricles, leading to increased intracranial pressure. This buildup of CSF can result from various causes, including obstruction of CSF flow, overproduction of CSF, or impaired absorption. The condition can affect individuals of all ages, from infants to older adults.

Symptoms of Hydrocephalus can include:

Headache: Often described as severe and persistent, especially in the morning.

Nausea and Vomiting: These symptoms may accompany headaches.

Vision Problems: Blurred or double vision, difficulty focusing, and sensitivity to light.

Balance and Coordination Issues: Difficulty walking or maintaining balance.

Cognitive Impairment: Memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and changes in cognitive function.

Irritability and Personality Changes: Behavioral changes, such as irritability or mood swings.

Incontinence: Loss of bladder control or frequent urination.

Drowsiness or Lethargy: Excessive sleepiness and lack of alertness.

Infants: In infants, signs can include an enlarged head, bulging fontanelle (soft spot), and poor feeding.

Hydrocephalus is a serious condition that requires medical evaluation and treatment. Timely intervention is crucial to relieve the increased pressure on the brain and prevent potential complications. Treatment options may include surgical placement of a shunt to divert excess CSF or endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) to create a new pathway for CSF drainage. The choice of treatment depends on the underlying cause and the patient's age and overall health.